What is a Native Trout?
This seems to be a common question I am often asked when the term, "native trout," is mentioned. It's a legitimate question, and one that I asked myself not so long ago.
While I had certainly heard the term before, perhaps from a couple of old timers at the local fly shop or briefly mentioned in a fly fishing publication, I guess I never paid much attention to it. Up until a few years ago, it was simply that; just a term. A term I honestly am not sure I could have accurately described at that time, and most definitely one that had little to no effect on me as far as fly fishing was concerned. Before going into the specifics of defining what a native trout is, let me first begin with my story on how I was introduced to them.
It wasn't until I caught my very first Greenback cutthroat trout in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado that I started becoming more interested in what exactly a native trout was. I remember holding that first Greenback on that blue bird summer day, and as I marveled at its beautiful colors and distinctive markings, I could not help but feel this incredible sense of gratitude from within myself. It wasn't the largest trout I had ever caught, and certainly not the most entertaining fight I have encountered when hooked up with a fish, but there was something spectacular and unique about being in that place, at that time, holding that trout; A fish that belonged in this rugged and beautiful landscape. As I released it back into the wild and watched its crimson belly disappear under the surface ripple of the creek, I knew at that moment something had been birthed in my heart. I had experienced and connected with a piece of these Rocky Mountains; a piece every bit as notable as the bighorn sheep, the mountain lion, or the mighty elk that we are all so familiar with here in Colorado. I had caught my first native trout of Colorado and from that inaugural encounter, a passion had been born in my heart, and I knew I wanted to find out more about them.
And so I began this journey by reading everything I could find about native salmonids. I bought books, watched videos, read magazine articles, and researched websites. What I soon discovered was entirely simple really. By definition, a native fish is one that originated from that particular area; it's "homeland" in essence…where it is native to. There are several species of the salmonidae family of fish, which include salmon, trout, char, grayling, and whitefish. Under most of those species, there are typically several more subspecies and strains that are divided up based on geographic area and the waters in which they reside. Here in the Rocky Mountain states and across much of the western states, the cutthroat are the native species of trout that call this area home. Among the cutthroat species, there are 12 separate subspecies still in existence today that are spread out in different areas throughout the west. While this example can be broken down further and further among all species of trout, by definition, to keep things simple, "native" simply means where the species originated from. Some might argue that the definition I just offered doesn't quite define the term in its entirety, or that it is a bit generic. Some might say that a rainbow trout for example, born in a river in Colorado or Michigan (somewhere it's not originally from as a species), and wasn't a hatchery stocked fish, is a native of that particular river. I would agree that this particular trout born in the river in a natural environment is most certainly a "wild" trout, but I would not define it as a native one. A native trout is one that was put there by the Creator and not by the hands of the creative (man). In my estimation, a Greenback cutthroat trout is more native to Colorado than anyone driving around in their beat-up 1992 4Runner with 300,000 miles and that all too familiar "NATIVE" sticker proudly displayed on the bumper. I'm confident that all of you Coloradans know what I'm talking about and for those of you who are "natives" of Colorado, I hope you don't take offense by what this Michigander just wrote. Ha ha.
Okay, big deal. What's all the fuss about whether a trout is native or not? I can only imagine some of you are asking something similar at this point. Am I right? If that's you, don't stop reading quite yet. My hope is that there is something here for every fly fisherman to chew on and connect with. That being said, let me be clear about a couple things. Am I suggesting that there is something less special or significant about catching a non-native trout? Absolutely not. While I usually consider myself a "purist" on certain, and more often than not, very specific levels that pertain to fly fishing, I am not one to pass up a day on the South Platte River in Colorado even though it's almost certain I won't catch a native cutthroat. I very much enjoy hooking into large rainbows and browns that have lived wild in Colorado lakes and rivers for generations, and I don't ever foresee a time in the future when I won’t enjoy that.
So what am I saying then? More than anything I suppose, I just want to somehow convey to anyone who has read this far, that native trout have their place among us fishermen also. They may not have yet captured the hearts of the majority of fly fishers out there, but if you're anything like me, the first time you hook into a trout in its native range, you will forever be a different person.
As I sat down this morning to write this short article, I realize how much more I have left unsaid. I guess I wasn't exactly sure where I would venture on this topic today. If I have answered some questions for you, then I am thankful for that. If I have only caused you to have more questions, that's ok too. Be patient, I am more than willing to answer your questions to the best of my abilities. More than anything, I hope I have piqued your interest enough, to whatever degree that may be, to discover for yourself what a native trout means to you personally. For me, a native trout is so much more than simply its black and white description. It is an experience and a connection with the created world that as you can probably tell, is often times difficult to describe with words. It is more than a physical experience. It's an emotional, and I would daresay, spiritual experience as well. I know I’m not the only one who feels that way.
While my attempt at describing a native trout hardly does justice on the large scope of the subject, my hope is that when you experience catching a native trout for yourself, you will have a better understanding and a clearer picture of what I am talking about.

